About Me

I'm a Senior Research Scientist at NVIDIA based in Helsinki, Finland. My goal is to enable real-time rendering of all 3D graphics at the highest quality, regardless of the complexity of light interactions. I leverage and invent advanced mathematics and statistical theory. I hold a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Aalto University and an M.Sc. in Applied Mathematics from the University of Helsinki.

Publications and Courses

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ReSTIR BDPT: Bidirectional ReSTIR Path Tracing with Caustics

Trevor Hedstrom, Markus Kettunen, Daqi Lin, Chris Wyman, Tzu-Mao Li

ACM Transactions on Graphics, 44(5), Sep 2025

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Reservoir Splatting for Temporal Path Resampling and Motion Blur

Jeffrey Liu, Daqi Lin, Markus Kettunen, Chris Wyman, Ravi Ramamoorthi

SIGGRAPH 2025 | SIGGRAPH Conference Papers 2025, July 2025

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Area ReSTIR: Resampling for Real-Time Defocus and Antialiasing

Song Zhang*, Daqi Lin*, Markus Kettunen, Cem Yuksel, Chris Wyman

SIGGRAPH 2024 | ACM Transactions on Graphics, 43(4), Jul 2024

*: Equal contribution

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Decorrelating ReSTIR samplers via MCMC Mutations

Rohan Sawhney, Daqi Lin, Markus Kettunen, Benedikt Bitterli, Ravi Ramamoorthi, Chris Wyman, Matt Pharr

ToG (Jan 2024) | SIGGRAPH 2024 | ACM Transactions on Graphics, 43(1), Jan 2024

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Conditional Resampled Importance Sampling and ReSTIR

Markus Kettunen*, Daqi Lin*, Ravi Ramamoorthi, Thomas Bashford-Rogers, Chris Wyman

SIGGRAPH Asia 2023 | SIGGRAPH Asia 2023 Conference Papers, Dec 2023

*: Equal contribution

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A Gentle Introduction to ReSTIR: Path Reuse in Real-Time

Chris Wyman, Markus Kettunen, Daqi Lin, Benedikt Bitterli, Cem Yuksel, Wojciech Jarosz, Pawel Kozlowski, Giovanni De Francesco

SIGGRAPH 2023 Course | ACM SIGGRAPH 2023 Courses, Jul 2023

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Generalized Resampled Importance Sampling: Foundations of ReSTIR

Daqi Lin*, Markus Kettunen*, Benedikt Bitterli, Jacopo Pantaleoni, Cem Yuksel, Chris Wyman

SIGGRAPH 2022 | ACM Transactions on Graphics, 41(4), Jul 2022

*: Equal contribution

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ReSTIR GI: Path Resampling for Real-Time Path Tracing

Yaobin Ouyang, Shiqiu Liu, Markus Kettunen, Matt Pharr, Jacopo Pantaleoni

HPG 2021 | Computer Graphics Forum, 40(8), Nov 2021

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An Unbiased Ray-Marching Transmittance Estimator

Markus Kettunen, Eugene D'Eon, Jacopo Pantaleoni, Jan Novák

SIGGRAPH 2021 | ACM Transactions on Graphics, 40(4), Jul 2021

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Gradient-Domain Methods for Realistic Image Synthesis

Markus Kettunen

PhD Thesis, Aalto University, Feb 2020

🏆 Aalto University Dissertation Award (Top 10%)

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Deep Convolutional Reconstruction for Gradient-Domain Rendering

Markus Kettunen, Erik Härkönen, Jaakko Lehtinen

SIGGRAPH 2019 | ACM Transactions on Graphics, 38(4), Jul 2019

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E-LPIPS: Robust Perceptual Image Similarity via Random Transformation Ensembles

Markus Kettunen, Erik Härkönen, Jaakko Lehtinen

eprint arxiv: 1906.03973, Jun 2019

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Temporal Gradient-Domain Path Tracing

Marco Manzi*, Markus Kettunen*, Frédo Durand, Matthias Zwicker, Jaakko Lehtinen

SIGGRAPH 2016 | ACM Transactions on Graphics, 35(6), Dec 2016

*: Equal contribution

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Gradient-Domain Path Tracing

Markus Kettunen, Marco Manzi, Miika Aittala, Jaakko Lehtinen, Frédo Durand, Matthias Zwicker

SIGGRAPH 2015 | ACM Transactions on Graphics, 34(4), Jul 2015

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Gradient-Domain Bidirectional Path Tracing

Marco Manzi, Markus Kettunen, Miika Aittala, Jaakko Lehtinen, Frédo Durand, Matthias Zwicker

EGSR 2015 | Proc. Eurographics Symposium on Rendering 2015 (EI&I Track), Jun 2015

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Improved Sampling for Gradient-Domain Metropolis Light Transport

Marco Manzi, Fabrice Rousselle, Markus Kettunen, Jaakko Lehtinen, Matthias Zwicker

SIGGRAPH Asia 2014 | ACM Transactions on Graphics, 33(6), Nov 2014

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Professional Activities